: Judicial Reforms Spark Massive Protests in Israel #IndiaNEWSAll #International Tel Aviv:  Mass protests erupted across Israel on 7th January 2023, with demonstrators taking to the streets in Tel

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Judicial Reforms Spark Massive Protests in Israel #IndiaNEWSAll #International
Tel Aviv:  Mass protests erupted across Israel on 7th January 2023, with demonstrators taking to the streets in Tel Aviv and other cities. The protests were in response to proposed judicial reforms that many see as a step toward authoritarianism in Israel. These reforms would limit the powers of the Israeli Supreme Court, undoing the 1992 Constitutional Reforms of Aharon Barak. The reforms would give the Israeli Legislature more control over the judiciary in terms of appointments and powers, and limit the scope of judicial review.
The proposed reforms have been met with widespread opposition, with over 150 people arrested in the protests so far. The opposition has come from many sectors, ranging from right to left. There are many voices from within the establishment who have opposed the reforms, with members of the administration and armed forces seeing it as an end to the rule of law. Opposition members have called it a blow to Israeli democracy, and from across the political spectrum, there is opposition to the reforms. The protests and the scope of the reforms have also led to financial insecurity.

Palestinian voices have mostly stayed away from the protests, as many see the difference between the so-called draconian reforms and the so-called liberal democracy as negligible.  

Kestenbaum doctrine
The reforms are a rollback of the so-called 1992 Constitutional Revolution. The 1992 Constitutional Revolution, led by Supreme Court judge Aharon Barak, developed the Kestenbaum doctrine where human rights principles would be guiding principles in private law. However, this has been criticized as giving too much power to the judge, introducing legal uncertainty. As the judge becomes important, it creates a system where legal cases are judged based on the individuals understanding and interpretation of the law, creating legal uncertainty. The proposed reforms would seek to limit this power, but critics argue that this would be a step backward for democracy. The reforms came at a time when Israel struggled to maintain a stable government. The reforms were intended to consolidate power across many wings of government
The Israeli government has been unstable since 2018, with less than four years seeing five snap elections. No party has been able to hold a majority, and many conservative parties in Israel have problems with Netanyahu as there are many types of conservatism in Israel.
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Corruption
In 2019, Netanyahu was indicted on fraud and corruption charges, taking a plea deal in 2020. He lost power in 2021, but in December 2022, he was able to form a coalition and return as Prime Minister of Israel.

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